Sarkin Musulmi of Sokoto

1803-1817: Usman dan Fodio

Caliphs of Sokoto

1817-1837: Muhammad Bello

1837-1848: Abu Bakr Atiku

-declares decision to divide off new emirate from Adamawa
-results in Adamawa declaring its decision to leave
-its initial decision to declare loyalty to Ottoman caliph fails when Russia's Wars > Turkish War of Succession (1841-4)) happens
-in turn this results in Atiku successfully conquering Adamawa after campaign

1848-1894: Abdur Rahman Atiku

-organizes campaigns of centralization
-after Adamawa
-successfully conquers Ibadan in 1863
-difficult move but succeeds in part due to wars brought by Afro-Brazilians moving into the interior from Lagos and they're drawing a great many troups
-and dispute between Yoruba and Afro-Brazilian section causing civil war in Ibadan itself
-following successful campaigns in Ekiti
-most of Yorubaland thus successfully conquered
-when Heads of Massina > 1893-1902 Ahmadu al-Kano † conquers Mossi states Sokoto organizes for a war
-however it's not a whole lot beyond skirmishes because Massina already at end of supply chain

1894-1916: Muhammadu Attahiru

-continues to state-build and continues to conquer around the edges
-with Fredish-Massinan war, decides to establish railroads and educational institutions

1916-1944: Mu'azu

-overthrown in popular uprising
-when military mutinies

1944-1946: Muhammadu Karami

-1946 constitution sees him formally removed from power and new Caliph with backseat
-he tries a coup to stop it with him foiled
-ends with declaration of a republic and establishment of non-hereditary non-executive caliphate